水与流体饱和孔隙介质界面上非镜面反射声场的实验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

诸国桢  朱喜福  郭宏智 《地球物理学报》2001,44(1):83-92

用光学法和发射-接收法研究了水与流体饱和孔隙介质界面上声波的非镜面反射声场．测量了入射角θ_i为16°－80°范围内的反射系数R，记录了θ_i在Rayleigh波临界角θ_c附近±4°范围内两束反射波的反射角、波束位移△、波形和频谱．实验发现：(1)在θ_c附近±4°范围内，观察到θ_i两束反射波A和B，其中波束B沿界面有波束位移△，实验测出△随θ_i增大而减小，并非在θ_i=θ_c时最大．(2)反射角等于θ_i的波束的频谱很接近于入射波的频谱，反射角等于θ_c的波束的频谱相对于入射波有频谱的负偏移．(3)波束A的相位与发射换能器直达波的相位一致，波束B的相位与波束A相反  相似文献   

Spatial averaging of hydraulic conductivity in three-dimensional heterogeneous porous media   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

A. J. Desbarats 《Mathematical Geology》1992,24(3):249-267

Numerical models of groundwater flow require the assignment of hydraulic conductivities to large grid blocks discretizing the flow domain; however, conductivity data is usually available only at the much smaller scale of core samples. This paper describes a geostatistical model for hydraulic conductivity at both the core or point scale and that of grid blocks. Conductivity at the block scale is obtained empirically as a spatial power-average of point scale values. Assuming a multivariate Gaussian model for point log-conductivity, expressions are derived for the ensemble mean and variance of block conductivity. The expression for the ensemble mean of block scale conductivity is found to be similar to an expression for the ensemble effective conductivity of an infinite field derived analytically by earlier authors. Here, block conductivities obtained by power averaging are compared with effective conductivities obtained from a numerical flow model and are found to be in excellent agreement for a suitably chosen averaging exponent. This agreement deteriorates gradually as the log variance of conductivity increases beyond 2. For arbitrary flow field geometry and anisotropic conductivity covariances, the averaging exponent can be calibrated by recourse to numerical flow experiments. For cubic fields and an isotropic spatial covariance, the averaging exponent is found to be 1/3. In this particular case, it was found that flow field discretization at the block scale through local averaging of point conductivities gave similar results to those obtained directly using a point scale discretization of the flow field.  相似文献   

围场牌楼御圣饮用天然矿泉水     

王敏 《华北地质矿产杂志》1995,10(4):510-514

围场牌楼御圣矿泉水出露于侏罗系张家口组凝灰岩、安山岩中，属偏硅酸、锶复合型矿泉水，其成因是含偏硅酸和锶的岩石经地下水深循环作用，长期溶滤围岩，使偏硅酸、锶不断富集的结果，除含偏硅酸、锶外，还含有有益于人体健康的微量元素。该矿泉水水量充沛，动态稳定，水质良好。  相似文献   

基于BISQ模型双相各向同性介质中地震波数值模拟   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

孟庆生  何樵登  朱建伟  王德利 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2003,33(2):217-221

基于BISQ机制,推导了双相各向同性介质中弹性波数值模拟方程,并借助交错网格有限差分方法进行了波场模拟。证实了三种波(快纵波、慢纵波、横波SV)的存在和波场特征;在合成地震记录中,观测列三种波的反射,由于各种波相互之间的转换,转换波在地震记录中显示也很清楚,这使得波场变得更为复杂化。  相似文献   

A new scheme for numerical modelling of flow and transport processes in 3D fractured porous media     

Andrés Peratta  Viktor Popov 《Advances in water resources》2006

The objective of this work is to develop a new numerical approach for the three-dimensional modelling of flow and transient solute transport in fractured porous media which would provide an accurate and efficient treatment of 3D complex geometries and inhomogeneities. For this reason, and in order to eliminate as much as possible the number of degrees of freedom, the fracture network, fractures and their intersections, are solved with a coupled 2D–1D model while the porous matrix is solved independently with a 3D model. The interaction between both models is accounted for by a coupling iterative technique. In this way it is possible to improve efficiency and reduce CPU usage by avoiding 3D mesh refinements of the fractures. The approach is based on the discrete-fracture model in which the exact geometry and location of each fracture in the network must be provided as an input. The formulation is based on a multidimensional coupling of the boundary element method-multidomain (BEM-MD) scheme for the flow and boundary element dual reciprocity method-multidomain (BE-DRM-MD) scheme for the transport. Accurate results and high efficiency have been obtained and are reported in this paper.  相似文献   

Mantle process beneath Philippine Sea back-arc spreading ridges: A synthesis of peridotite petrology and tectonics   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yasuhiko  Ohara 《Island Arc》2006,15(1):119-129

Abstract In order to obtain a general view of the mantle process beneath a back‐arc basin spreading ridge, the diversity of peridotite petrology and tectonic occurrences in two back‐arc basin spreading ridges from the Philippine Sea were examined: the Parece Vela Rift and the Mariana Trough. The Parece Vela Basin spreading ridge (Parece Vela Rift) was a physically fast/intermediate‐spreading ridge, although many tectono‐magmatic features resemble those of slow‐ to ultraslow‐spreading ridges. Two unusual features of the Parece Vela Rift further demonstrate the uniqueness of the ridge: full‐axial development of oceanic core complexes and exposure of mantle peridotite at segment midpoints. The Parece Vela Rift yields a lithological assemblage of residual but still fertile lherzolite/harzburgite, plagioclase‐bearing harzburgite and dunite; similar assemblages are reported from the equatorial Mid‐Atlantic Ridge at the Romanche Fracture Zone and the ultraslow‐spreading ridges from the Indian and Arctic Oceans. The tectono‐magmatic characteristics of the Parece Vela Rift suggest that diffuse porous melt flow and pervasive melt–mantle interaction were the important mantle processes there. Globally, this ‘porous melt flow‐type’ mantle process is likely to occur beneath a segment midpoint of the ridge having a thick lithosphere, typically an ultraslow‐spreading ridge. In contrast, the Mariana Trough is a typical slow‐spreading ridge, exposing mantle peridotite at segment ends. The Mariana Trough yields a lithological assemblage of residual harzburgite and veined harzburgite, a common assemblage among the global abyssal peridotite suite. The tectono‐magmatic characteristics of the Mariana Trough suggest that channeled melt/fluid flow and limited melt–mantle interaction are the important mantle processes there, because of the colder wall‐rock peridotite in the segment end. This ‘channeled melt flow‐type’ mantle process is likely to occur in the shallow lithospheric mantle at the segment ends of any spreading ridges.  相似文献   

深层地热水开采与地面沉降的关系研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

林黎  赵苏民  李丹  马风如  李会娟 《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(3):34-37

本文根据天津塘沽区深层地沉观测标观测到的地面沉降数据,分析了深层地下热水开采对地面沉降的影响比例.在分析地热水开采引起地面沉降机理的基础上,通过统计回归方法建立了深层孔隙型地热水开采量与地面沉降量的相关模型;提出了进行地热尾水回灌和建立深层沉降监测网以加强综合研究的防治对策.  相似文献   

多孔介质中水敏性应用的研究综述     

张晓辉  郑西来  林国庆  吴俊文  周骏 《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(4):81-84

水敏现象在石油、岩土和环境工程等领域广泛存在。有效地控制水敏现象的发生，不仅具有科学意义，还有一定的经济价值。本文在广泛查阅国内外研究成果的基础上，总结了水敏性在石油、岩土和环境工程方面应用的研究进展，并在此基础上提出了水敏性研究的发展方向。  相似文献   

多孔介质中非均匀流动特性的染色示踪试验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王康  张仁铎  缴锡云 《水科学进展》2007,18(5):662-667

通过土壤染色剂进行的4组试验,对不同介质结构条件下的水流和溶质非均匀运动规律,非均匀流动变异信息分布特征关系以及全局性非均匀流动示踪方法进行了研究。结果表明,即使在相对比较均匀的介质条件下,流动也表现出明显的非均匀特性;对数正态分布能够较好的反映水流的运动分布模式,相比水流运动,溶质的运动和分布规律明显不同,表现出更多的不确定性和变异性。  相似文献   

基于粒径分维值检验的松散介质渗透系数空间估值——以河北平原为例     

罗晓娟  徐恒力  叶含春 《地质科技情报》2007,26(1):87-90

为了克服松散含水介质非均质性各向异性对介质渗透系数的求取所带来的困难,以水动力条件为线索,利用互相关法寻找同一时代地层及同一时代地表水的主、次流方向.在主流方向上,建立了石家庄-束鹿-衡水段介质颗粒粒径随距离递变的数学模型,并以此为基础推求无钻孔地段的粒径.同时,运用分形理论,计算了中、上更新统地层主流方向平均粒径空间分布的分维值,并将其作为检验粒径估值正确与否的判据.通过不同岩性的渗透系数-深度模型,实现了用平均粒径预测渗透系数的全过程.  相似文献